White Paper on The growing role of human factors and usability engineering for medical devices

This white paper is on “The growing role of human factors and usability engineering for medical devices”and is focused on “…applying knowledge of human capabilities and limitations Human Factors and Usability Engineering (HF/UE) contributes to the design of intuitive displays, controls, and other interfaces that substantially reduce the risk of user error.”  It is written by Bob North, Human Centered Strategies.

I have the distinct pleasure and honor of assisting BSI review this white paper as a member of the BSI Medical Devices White Paper Advisory Panel for this series of white papers.

White Paper Series 

This is the last planned white paper in this series of white papers.  BSI said of the series that “…we are…producing a series of medical devices white papers. These will keep you up to date with regulations, developments and help you prepare for changes within your industry.”

The other white papers in the series you may be interested in reading, as they are very timely and current, are below:

• Negotiating the innovation and regulatory conundrum
• Engaging stakeholders in the home medical device market
• What you need to know about the FDA’s UDI system final rule
• Effective post-market surveillance; Understanding and conducting vigilance and post-market clinical follow-up
• The proposed EU regulations for medical and in vitro diagnostic devices: An overview of the likely outcomes and consequences for the market
• Generating clinical evaluation reports: A guide to effectively analysing medical device safety and performance

You can sign-up for future white papers or sign-up for their industry sectors newsletter.

If you need help with your EU CE Mark Medical Device Directive or IVD Directive Technical Files or Design Dossiers or preparing for your Notified Body Audit, email Leo Eisner directly at Leo@EisnerSafety.com, or call Leo at +1-(503)-244-6151. He is the Principal Consultant of Eisner Safety Consultants (bit.ly/EisnerSafetyConsultants).

As you know Risk management is a necessary, yet onerous, task when developing electro-medical devices. Since IEC 60601-1 3rd ed. was published, manufacturers have faced many new risk management challenges with respect to their electro-medical devices, especially home health devices.

Avoid the common pitfalls of risk management in IEC 60601-1 3rd ed. Experts will share case studies in their risk management practices for their own devices.

Come join us at the RAPS Convergence Conference to learn more on this subject.

The Federal Register notice (FR Notice) continues with details about the workshop.  The public workshop is free with registration (please register early) and will be held on April 29 – 30, 2013 at the FDA White Oak Campus at 10903 New Hampshire Ave, Bldg 31 Conference Center, the Great Room (room 1503A), Silver Springs, MD 20993. To register for the workshop visit the FDA’s Medical Devices News & Events – Workshop & Conferences calendar.  There is also an option for a Webcast to view the workshop from off-site web facilities.  To sign-up in this way use the same registration link as above but make sure to note that you want to attend via a webcast vs in person.  The contact person for this workshop is Mary Brady, Mary.Brady@fda.hhs.gov who is also involved with the Home Use Medical Device Initiative so this is a good tie-in with that subject as labeling is critical to get consistent for ease of use or Usability (or Human Factors some call it).  Refer to the blog post on the Home Use Medical Device Draft Guidance document that was issued on 12 December 2012 for details about the Home Use Draft Guidance document and also about the Home Use Initiative.

In the background section of the FR Notice for this Workshop FDA indicates “Currently, there are no regulations that explicitly define and describe a standard content and format for medical device labeling. FDA is concerned that the lack of standard content and format may translate into an increased risk of medical device error. Also, there is no single available source of medical device labeling for people to view, search, and download for devices that are used in clinical and non-clinical environments. FDA is aware of and concerned with the risk of medical errors that result from lost or inaccessible labeling.”

FDA also conducted a 2-phase research study with Research triangle Institute (RTI) of healthcare professionals in regard to their experiences with medical device labeling, and what they would like to see in a standardized version of device labeling. Key findings from the study helped create an outline for standard content and format for medical device labeling id’ing the most relevant sections.  Also, survey participants asked for a “quick reference guide”  for proper device operation & use.  They indicated that would be more convenient and effective with the option of referring to a more comprehensive form of labeling.

Additionally FDA also conducted a survey of the National Family Caregivers Association (NFCA) on medical device labeling to elicit home caregivers’ experiences with medical device labeling for devices used in the home environment.  Here again is another tie-in with the Home Use Medical Device Draft Guidance document and blog post on this subject.  It is clear this initiative is tied-in with the Home Use Initiative and will help support each of the initiatives.  FDA continues to say in the FR Notice “As more medical devices migrate out of clinical care environments and into patients’ homes, the assurance that devices are being used properly and safely no longer resides with a healthcare professional; rather, the responsibility is with the patient, spouse, sibling, or even children. When medical devices are sent home with patients or are moved from one location to another, the labeling often becomes misplaced, lost, damaged, or discarded, which may result in adverse events or other complications due to misinterpretations and absence of proper labeling.”

Per the FDA FR Notice the workshop will focus on the following topics for discussion

A. Summary of FDA Work on Labeling

1. RTI two-phase research study of healthcare professionals regarding device labeling.
2. NFCA survey of consumers on medical device labeling.
3. Cooperative Research and Development Agreement with Kwikpoint for the development of visual language for device labeling.
4. The Center for Drug Evaluation and Research measures of success with standard labeling and the use of a drug repository.

B. Standard Content and Format of Device Labeling

1. Review the outline for a draft standard content and format of medical device labeling.
2. Current thinking on a standard content and format of medical device labeling.
3. Use of symbols in medical device labeling.
4. Discuss a shortened version of standard medical device labeling.

C. Repository of Medical Device Labeling for Home Use Devices

1. Online access to device labeling.
2. Panel discussions on using an online device labeling site.
3. Discuss the types of devices whose labeling should be on the site.

For additional information on the topic also refer to the RAPS News article on 4 Jan 2013.

In the Federal Register Notice the background information (the first few paragraphs of Section 3 [Overview] of the Guidance document) is interesting as follows:

“To understand use-related hazards, it is necessary to have an accurate and complete understanding of how a device will be used.  Understanding and optimizing how people interact with technology is the subject of human factors engineering (HFE) and usability engineering (UE). HFE/UE considerations that are important to the development of medical devices include three major components of the device-user system: (1) Device users, (2) device use environments, and (3) device user interfaces. This interaction and its possible results are depicted graphically in Figure 1.

For safety-critical technologies such as medical devices, the process of eliminating or reducing design-related use problems that contribute to or cause unsafe or ineffective medical treatment is part of a process for controlling overall risk. For devices where harm could result from “use errors,” the dynamics of user interaction are safety-related and should be components of risk analysis and risk management. By incorporating these considerations into the device development process, manufacturers can reduce the overall risk level posed by their devices, thus decreasing adverse events associated with the device, and avoid potential device recalls.

…”

To submit comments follow these instructions: Submit written requests for single copies of the draft guidance document entitled “Draft Guidance for Industry and Food and Drug Administration Staff: Applying Human Factors and Usability Engineering to Optimize Medical Device Design” to the Division of Small Manufacturers, International, and Consumer Assistance, Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, 10903 New Hampshire Ave., Bldg. 66, rm. 4613, Silver Spring, MD 20993-0002. Send one self-addressed adhesive label to assist that office in processing your request, or fax your request to 301-847-8149. See the SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION section for information on electronic access to the guidance.

Submit electronic comments on the draft guidance to http://www.regulations.gov. Submit written comments to the Division of Dockets Management (HFA-305), Food and Drug Administration, 5630 Fishers Lane, rm. 1061, Rockville, MD 20852. Identify comments with the docket number found in brackets in the heading of this document.